Security protocols

Security protocols are standards developed to ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity of data communication within networks. They play a crucial role in safeguarding connected devices such as sensors, actuators, and control platforms from unauthorized access and preventing manipulations.

Key security protocols for IoT systems include mechanisms like end-to-end encryption, which ensures that data is exchanged only between authorized devices, and authentication methods that clearly identify devices and users. Commonly used protocols include TLS (Transport Layer Security) for encrypting data and DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security), which is optimized for wireless communication and low-latency applications. Other essential technologies include AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) for data encryption and HMAC (Hash-Based Message Authentication Code) for ensuring data integrity.

The practical application of security protocols in smart building systems ranges from securely transmitting sensor data to comprehensive network security. For example, security protocols protect personal data collected by presence sensors or access control systems from manipulation and surveillance. They also ensure the safe execution of automated building functions, such as lighting control or energy management, by preventing unauthorized access.

Security protocols are complemented by measures such as traffic limitation, continuous monitoring for potential threats, and regular system updates (Over-the-Air or OTA) to safeguard networks against attacks. Technologies like firewalls or intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a supporting role by filtering traffic, detecting unauthorized access, and creating protective layers between internal and external networks. Wireless technologies like Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or ZigBee require additional security features to minimize potential vulnerabilities in mesh networks.

Security protocols form an essential foundation for safe and reliable connected systems. They protect sensitive data, prevent security breaches, and ensure the reliable operation of modern IoT infrastructures.